Along with the spoken and written language, traditional costumes are an element of the cultural characteristics of ethnic groups in a crowded community. In the current context of deep integration, this culture is gradually fading among some ethnic groups in the province, so conservation and promotion are one of the urgent tasks and need solutions. well suited.
According to the data of the Provincial Ethnic Committee, by the end of 2017, the population of Lao Cai province was 699,507 people with 29 ethnic groups, of which the Kinh people were 237,792 people and the ethnic minorities were 461,715 people. Among the 28 ethnic minorities, the Mong has the largest population, with 32,309 people; there are 5 ethnic groups with only 1 person, namely Ede, Tho, Co Tu, Khang and La Hu; 3 ethnic groups with only 2 people are Gia Rai, Pa Cardn and Gié Trieng.
Back to 10 years ago, ethnic minorities in the province still regularly use traditional costumes for community activities such as festivals, weddings ... especially in the ceremony. of the Dao people, in the funeral of the Mong people and some other ethnic groups. However, in recent years, the habit of using traditional costumes has changed in some groups, some ethnic minority groups, especially young people, often taking part in activities. Society should tend to "eliminate" the old, introduce new ones instead.
According to the actual survey results of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, the highest rate of using traditional costumes in Lao Cai belongs to Ha Nhi ethnic group in Bat Xat district (women still use about 80 %); Mong people in Bat Xat, Sa Pa and La Chi people in Bac Ha and Si Ma Cai (about 70%); Phu La people in Bac Ha, Muong Khuong, Si Ma Cai and Giay people, Tay people (about 65%) ... Some ethnic groups tend to use costumes of other ethnic groups, for example, Mong people in Sa Pa tends to like to use T-shirts and T-shirts. In addition, the use of ready-made garments and imported costumes has gradually become popular, especially in the Mong people, because ready-made products are cheap, rich and colorful. . Particularly, there are Hmong communes in Muong Khuong district that have changed costumes from hand embroidery to ready made garments to 90%,
The reality also shows that, in the province today, a few ethnic minorities (the Mong, the Tay, the Dao) still weave cloth themselves and form brocade clubs and cooperatives, although However, the number is not much, only concentrated in some communes of Sa Pa and Bac Ha district, Van Ban, Bao Yen. The majority of other ethnic minorities no longer maintain their weaving career because the garment materials on the market today are available, abundant and cheap. They often buy existing materials for cutting out traditional costumes, some of them hand-sewn but mainly make infant costumes or accessories such as hats and towels, the rest mainly use purchase ready-made industrial equipment ...
Facing the risk of disappearance of traditional costumes of ethnic minorities in the province, Ms. Nguyen Thi To Uyen, Deputy Director of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, said: for the province to develop and implement the Project "Development of cultural institutions, conservation and promotion of cultural identity of Lao Cai ethnic groups, period 2011-2015", the project "Protection and promotion of prices." national intangible cultural values in Lao Cai province, the period of 2017-2022 ”. At the same time, the inventory and collection of folklore and propaganda for the people to participate in preserving and promoting the traditional weaving and preserving traditional costumes are throughout the chapters. process of propaganda and training to preserve national culture. In addition, the cultural sector also actively cooperates with local authorities to propagate, encourage officials, public servants and people of ethnic minorities to use traditional ethnic costumes; put the content of the ethnic costume performance competition into the public art performance program held every 2 years and place requirements at boarding ethnic schools, when there is a celebration to wear students traditional costumes of our nation ... This is one of the flexible and creative ways of the province to make traditional costumes "live" in the community.
Ms. Uyen said that in order to preserve and promote traditional costumes, the most important thing is the awareness of the people - creative subjects and using their own products. In addition, the State should have impact policies to create a healthy environment in the production, processing and circulation of goods associated with the production of national costumes. Managers should pay attention to the artisans who have the merit to preserve and preserve the traditional jobs such as cotton, weaving and embroidery; have plans to advertise to attract visitors, sell goods right at the trade village, create income for the people. Attention should be paid to building and protecting trademarks for traditional costumes of ethnic minorities so as not to be cross-bred, not to be counterfeited or to counterfeit. Enhancing propaganda to raise awareness so that people understand and appreciate, Pride in the value of the national cultural heritage in general and traditional costumes in particular. Develop a program to put tailoring, embroidery, and pattern making on traditional costumes into vocational subjects at junior and senior high schools, and invite artisans to class to guide, aiming to pass on traditional values from the young, who will follow and maintain the culture of each nation ...
The issue of preserving and promoting ethnic minority traditional costumes is a long and not simple journey, especially the conservation and promotion in daily life become more difficult and more complicated. Therefore, preserving and promoting the value of traditional ethnic costumes in the context of extensive integration today need the attention and contribution of the entire social community.
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