The tomb architecture of Ba Na people is full of yin and yang sympathy and very close to the village. Because they believe that there is a world of the dead that exists in parallel with the life of the world.
Pristine, rustic beauty
According to the Ba Na concept, death is to start a new life in another world - the world of ghosts. Therefore, they carved wooden statues with many different shapes to see off and look after the soul for the dead.
The tomb was built with completely rudimentary materials and architecture, only the connection system of the jigs and tying, not the truss and dream system. Construction materials are only cork and leaves without bricks; construction tools have only knives and axes without saws ... That gives the tomb a rustic pristine appearance with primitive natural beauty.
The tomb of Ba Na people has an architecture like a normal house, including the roof, walls ... the survivors keep all the objects that the dead used in the tomb itself. This is also known as the custom of giving to the dead. Because according to the concept of the Central Highlands, the dead will have their own lives, they will have to go through 7 reincarnations to be returned as a human, so the tomb becomes a philosophical conception of life.
Ba Na's graves have a structure of height development, most cases made of bamboo are decorated with geometric motifs with two main planes. Each type of pattern with different arrangement is a suggestion about cosmology. Maybe it's the symbol of the sun, the moon, and the celestial bodies. The Ba Na people call the pillar Klao and they think that it is the path leading the souls of the dead to heaven, they also call the decoration on the outside as Nar (the sun) and Khei (the moon).
In general, the decoration of the Ba Na's tombs often goes into the pattern and not as much as that of the Gia Rai or not sharp, which clearly shows the features of the Co Tu people, but still exudes a mysterious and sacred to the world of the dead.
Unique architecture tomb tomb
Around the tomb is a fence decorated with wooden statues. These wooden statues have extremely diverse content, reflecting fully and honestly the lives of the Ba Na people. These wooden statues all describe the prosperity, the desire to go to the other side of the world to have a rich and prosperous life. For Ba Na people, the ritual of birth is also conceived and expressed through the act of exchanging. Although, this ritual is no longer present, but according to the old old people 's account, on the nights left the tomb, boys and girls are free to have sex.
Regarding the architecture of the tomb, it can be divided into two classes. The first layer is the most common image of all the graves: the massacre, the pregnant woman and the baby are shown on the same surface of the fence around the tomb at the same time. The second layer is images of people, animals like drummers, girls, young men, soccer players, elephants, birds, owls ... All these images are placed around the house. grave and create a vivid picture of life so that the dead will take away after the grave.
The statue of the tombs creates a true museum of Ba Na people's life, becoming living histories of aesthetic and scientific value. The statue is roughly trimmed, simplified in lines and shapes, with a description but not in a detailed way, but it is very vivid and rustic but true, imbued with the philosophy of human life, the surreal and the reality interwoven harmoniously.
With the expressions of sadness, fun, austerity, thoughtfulness, distance ... the system of wooden statues decorated the tomb area has left many emotions and thoughts for viewers about human life. Through each statue in the tombs of Ba Na villages, we can clearly see the development of folk sculptures of ethnic minorities in Gia Lai.
Cultural and artistic values of Tay Nguyen tombs
Although the tomb is not large, the secondary elements such as wooden statues, decorative columns of high and low inside, around the tomb, the carvings carved on the braces, roofs, roofs ... are the combination. creative flair makes a unique beauty for the overall architecture of the tomb.
The statuary artists have blown the "soul" into the statue, expressing deep emotions, special emotions, and grief for the deceased. Coming to the world of tombstones, viewers feel the breath of familiar living life still exists and takes place daily in the lives of the people here. Through the talented hands of artisans, the simple and wild statues suddenly come alive, imbued with the soul of life. Because art is about bringing the familiar intimacy of everyday life into a work of art in a natural way.
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